Definition of Disability

Disability has different meanings depending upon the eligibility requirements or purpose of the programs. Defining disability is difficult since it is a multidimensional concept.

Disability if a medical model used to characterize disability policy, is used as a chronic pathology or impairment associated with an incapacity to perform physical functions or activities of daily living. Policy definitions of disability even though general and unique to individual programs are very important because they often have the impact of law. Legal and governmental definitions tend to be formal and specific depending on legislative, regulatory or judicial interpretation.

To qualify for payments under the Social Security Disability Insurance and Supplemental Security Income, an individual’s disabling condition must meet certain medical, psychological or vocational criteria. Laws are made by elected officials who are influenced by lobbyists and the changing public mood. Judges who respond to evidence presented by attorneys and heath experts and the personal condition of the applicant may not interpret these laws in accord with the intention of the lawmakers.

In order to establish the presence of a disability, diagnostic testing and assessment are necessary. Social security disability benefits are available to previously earning individuals under the age of 65 who are unable to work due to disability. Supplemental security income provides a minimum monthly income to people over 65 years of age, disabled or blind and who have limited assets and income.